1. What is Git?

Git is a distributed version control system (VCS) that allows multiple developers to work on the same project efficiently. It tracks changes in source code, helps manage history, and enables collaboration.

Key Features:

• Distributed: Every developer has a local copy of the repository.
• Fast: Local operations like commits and diffs are quick.
• Branching & Merging: Encourages experimentation with branches without affecting the main codebase.
• History Tracking: Full history of changes, with ability to revert or compare versions.

2. Basic Git Concepts

Repository (Repo)

A storage space for your project. Can be local (on your computer) or remote (on a server like GitHub, GitLab, or Bitbucket).

Commit

A snapshot of your project at a point in time. Each commit has:

• A unique hash ID
• Author information
• Timestamp
• Commit message describing the changes

Branch

A parallel version of the repository. Common branches:

• main or master → Stable production code